Black Hole Manufacture and Prospecting, also Worm Hole Instructible

 Black Hole Manufacture and Prospecting, also Worm Hole Instructible

One of my many side projects is trying figure out a feasible means by which I can produce a micro-black hole. I would love to make a mini-black hole, but I am trying to keep my ambitions reasonable.

Technically, I want to figure out how to produce a micro-wormhole, but that is another level of difficulty. First things first.

Currently, we have enough power onhand and other necessary resources to be able to produce a 1 Planck-mass singularity (21 micrograms), which will unfortunately evaporate due to Hawking’s Radiation way faster than we can grow it by dumping matter (and energy) into it by conventional means. Actually, it would evaporate faster than I have clocks that could time it. Some unconventional means were not especially practical. (Boom!)

If I had a reasonable means of stabilizing a micro-blackhole, I could become a serious competitor to the Spatium Tempus Navigatium Corpus. Unfortunately, I never attended Hogwartz, so I lack any reasonable means of stabilizing a micro-blackhole.

Building a black hole or a wormhole remains a massive and complicated undertating.

My tentative solution was to do the experiment near a high mass gas giant and let the wormhole dive down into the lower troposphere where the density and gravity will be able to allow the infall of matter enough so that we can grow the singularity or wormhole pair faster than the Hawkings radiation. A regrettable but manageable half ton TNT equivalent explosion of Hawkings radiation. This however produces the secondary problem of retrieving the singularity or wormhole pair when it has grown to a stable and usable size.

It is also possible that we might be able to produce a Planck-mass wormhole pair and hold it open by threading it with enough Kilogauss of magnetic force to hold it open and slow down spontaneous evaporation enough to be able to grown with using infall of matter. I am corresponding with some reputable physicists to see if this is feasible. I have found that asking ridiculous questions is tolerated if you happen to ask interesting enough ridiculous questions. Frankly, it is the basis of many great scientific discoveries, and more than a small amount of good science fiction. Unfortunately, it is even more difficult to thread it with enough Kilogauss of magnetic force than it is to dump matter in to prevent evaporation.

The other alternative is to use a Neutron Star (also known as Degenerate Star in the trades) instead of a gas giant, but that makes retrieval orders of magnitude more difficult. Way beyond my estimate of current abilities and available resources.

10 Kilotons mass singularity is about the minimum stable usable size, but that is several million times the energy density that I have available to me. It is also many orders of magnitude higher than the wormhole mouth launcher I had originally envisions.

The other viable alternative is to prospect around primordial singularity in a close enough orbit that we can detect one in a relatively timely manner. Neutron Stars and other Supernova remnants and white dwarfs, and hope for the best that they have captured a primordial singularity. Expect a long wait

The nearest Neutron Star is 135 light-years from us, 18 Camelopardalis, and it already in use by the Spatium Tempus Navigatium Corpus for their own purposes. They have about a 440,000 year head start on the logistics.

The nearest unoccupied Black Hole is 258 Iota Ophiuchi, about 192 light-years away.

There are currently 6 known supernova remnants within 1000 LY from Araxes. They are also claimed for exclusive use by Imperial Decree Patent Grant for space time metric engineering experimentation. The Trantorian Galactic Imperium also has about a 440,000 year head start on the logistics.

We could possibly contract the Corpus to sell us a singularity, but as you might expect, they are pricey. I did not become a physicist so I would be paying retail.

Occasionally, rarely, opportunities present for barter trade, but those don’t manifest often.

If we wish to prospect around Neutron Stars, we will have to travel more than 200 LY.

Alternately, I will have to think of a more efficient means for gravitational anomaly prospecting in the outer Oort cloud.

Backup Plan 1: Primordial Black Holes

13.8 billion years ago, during the big bang and very very very shortly thereafter, conditions existed that resulted in the spontaneous creation of black holes.

Many of these primordial black holes created right after the Planck Epoch and the Primordial Gravitational Singularity, the radiation dominated era (less than one second after the big bang, conditions existed for black holes to form spontaneously without solar collapse.

These non-solar black holes ranged from 22 micrograms to 1000 solar masses. Anything less than three solar mass is referred to as a mini black hole.

Due to Hawking Radiation evaporation, the smallest mass that should exist to the present day is about 173 Million Tons, about the mass of a 350 meter diameter nickel/iron asteroid. 173 Million Tons is the approximate mass of the most commonly found primordial black hole.

Despite its mass, its radius is a quarter billionth nanometres.

The greater issue in handling this Primordial Black Hole is its immense luminosity, about 12 gigawatts. About the energy equivalent of the detonation of an eighth of a milligram grams of antimatter per second, about double the energy output of Warp 1, so it is not too difficult to shield. Requiring about 1200 Tesla continuous magnetic flux to contain safely, about 200 Tokomats. It can be hauled safely with a 1200 micro-Cochrane tractor beam array. It’s more difficult and complex than it sounds.

The total energy output over a 5 year period is generally the basis of pricing these primordial black holes. Used as an energy source for a remote colony or for the power source (The Kugelblitze Reactor), its value is the equivalent of about 42,000 tons of antimatter, about 20 billion Imperial Credits at current rates.

While rare, the Kugelblitz Reactor is a valued form of reactor for space based propulsion, mostly because it is relatively simple and never requires refuelling, although it is cumbersome to build around. To our knowledge, only the Romulans, Koshalians, Remulakians, Vogons, and the Space-Tau (us) use this form of propulsion despite its many advantages.

From a range of 840 meters, the Kugelblitz has the same luminosity as the sun as seen from 1 Astronomical Unit. Although most of the energy output is in Gamma Rays and X-Rays. Standard 16 meter space based telescopes cannot detect such micro black holes out to 2500 Astronomical Units.

Our Solar Gravitational Lens Telescopes can detect such Kugelblitzes out to several LY, but have a very small aperture (less than an arc second) and are cumbersome to steer, and as such are not conducive for surveying.

Prospecting for these errant primordial black holes is tedious and laborious, usually requiring setting up large ultra-sensitive gravitational sensor arrays and taking long term (years to decades) baseline readings.

Transporting these primordial darkstars is problematic, and the space based desertborn usually build around them instead of transporting them. From a range of 840 meters, it is the same luminosity as the sun. It is easier to move a hollow asteroid colony closer to the primordial darkstar and use it as a near indefinite lifespan energy source. A hollowed 430 meter diameter asteroid in close proximity to a 170 kiloton Primordial Darkstar will not appear anomalous on a gravitational observatory array. These Pellucidar and Skartaris colonies are very popular among the extant space-Tauists as they have many advantages.

12 Gigawatts is enough energy to vaporize 1.6 tons of steel every second, and melt 9 tons of steel per second.

Most primordial black holes are found captured orbiting neutron stars or other supernova remnants or white dwarfs.

Most free standing primordial black holes are located by observing seemingly anomalous gravitational lensing of gamma rays, cosmic rays, supernovae, and other starlight. This however finds a miniscule fraction of the total primordial black hole population.

Most free-standing primordial black holes are found in the outer Oort cloud, beyond the scattering disk. There are estimated to be about 300 primordial black holes in the outer Oort Cloud, approximately 10,000 AU (1/7LY) apart.

Placing a standard 16 meter telescope every 2500 Astronomical Unit, to get the maximum sensitivity to detect the primordial darkstar, requires a 30 second exposure. 41253 degrees in the sphere, and 3600 arc seconds in a degree. The one arc second aperture would require 3400 years to complete its survey.

Antimatter production is a common industry among the Pellucidar and Skartaris colonies. Firing high velocity protons in very close proximity to the edge of the event horizon, virtual pairs of particles and antiparticles are produced. Half of the time the particles are reabsorbed before they mutually annihilate each other and the antiparticles can be collected later. It is the least expensive method of producing antimatter known.

The main difference between the Pellucidar and Skartaris colonies is where the energy source is in relationship to the colony. Pellucidar colonies, the energy source is outside of the asteroid, and in the Skartaris colonies, the energy source is enclosed inside of the Asteroid. The Skartaris colonies usually need to be much larger. Artificially produced Darkstars are usually only 350 kilotons, and can be grown via infall of matter at a reasonable rate, at 437 kilometers, they produce the same relative luminosity as the sun.

While Skartaris colonies were considered fashionable at one time, the Pellucidar colonies are considered safer by the standards of the present day.

At the distance of 437 kilometers, an artificial magnetosphere of NeomdymiumIronBoride Magnets (Nd2Fe14B) protect most of the radiation, At 1.4  tesla’s (1400 Gauss), they are hundreds of times the strength of standard terrestrial magnetosphere magnetic flux. A less amount of powered continuous Superconductive Magnets up to 45 Tesla’s are deployed to protect against the more dangerous radiation levels. This is about orders of magnitude over the level of magnetic flux recommended by most pacemaker manufacturers and other similar devices.

Powered continuous Superconductive Magnets up to 45 Tesla’s are common for Skartaris colonies due to the closer proximity of the energy source.

How to build a Black Hole. (Because I am sure you wondered)

Overview with some minor (that’s sarcasm) engineering details omitted.

Step 1: Buy (or somehow obtain) a 1.2 Gigawatt, 10,000 Terahertz Laser and a high quality beam splitter

Minimum intensity of 1.2 gigawatts and about 1.2 gigajoules of continuous power. You can use lenses to increase intensity per square centimetre. 1.2 gigajoules of continuous power, because it is the highest continuous powered laser that won’t melt the necessary apparatus, not just because of some popular movie reference.

Buy a beam splitter so you can split the laser to go all around the bead in the reaction chamber. Consistent and precisely timed energy from all sides is vitally important.

Depending on the limits of how accurately you can arrange the beam splitter, you may need a more powerful laser and that will likely melt your beam splitter unless you are using some exotic matter for your apparatus.

Step 2: Make a Reaction Bead

You will need:

- liquid tritium, this will require extreme pressure and cooling.

- liquid deuterium, this will require extreme pressure and cooling.

One isotope of each, you will need to place these in a special vacuum sealed, thin layered glass bead. Because of the pressure and temperature, there are some containment issues.

Make sure it is COMPLETELY airtight!! If it is not, your experiment will go POOF before you even get started.

Step 3: Make the Reaction Chamber

The reaction chamber, used in the process of nuclear energy conversion. If the local nuclear power plant will not let you borrow one, you will have to make your own.

You will need a new, sealed nuclear power plant chamber.

Making the Chamber

Lots and lots of high-grade concrete, enough to cover your house with it about ten feet thick. All chambers are different sizes, and based on your budget and location you may also have to change this. You will also have to line the inside of the chamber with a pure compressed carbon, also known as RCC (Reinforced Carbon-Carbon) to withstand the beginning temperatures up to 3000 degrees F. You will now have to inlay the chamber with a ceramic diamond dust mix, enough withstand short-term temperatures that are very hot, a layer at least a few inches thick all around. When you are done, the inside is usually a dull gray-ish white-ish color, like uncut diamonds. You will probably have to replace the inner coatings for each black hole fabrication attempt.

MAKE SURE THE CHAMBER IS VACUUM SEALED!!!!

Step 4: Dropping the Bead Mechanism and Readying the Laser

Place your laser in one spot facing the exact center of the chamber. Now, take a tube and attach it to the ceiling of the chamber. Don't worry about "fireproofing" this or any thing, because this is just to drop the bead in the path of the laser so the bead explodes. Hook up your laser to the correct amount of wattage and a control switch up to the dropping tube, then hook the tube to the computer. (Step 6) This will also be especially difficult because the chamber must remain airtight.

Step 5: Create a Carbon Launcher

Basically you have to make a tube that fires a bunch of carbon at the center of the reaction chamber. Do this by buying a tube, (metal, preferably!) and line it with our special ceramic diamond dust mix. Attach a small laser in a tank on the back, and hook it up to the reaction chamber. Have a nice switch ready so your computer will be able to fire it at the right time. Fill your carbon launcher with, take a guess, pure carbon, and seal it. The carbon will have to be brimming with photons for the laser to clunk it forward.

Step 6: Hook Up the (Super) Computer

When the laser hits the bead, it will create a temporary star.

Take a very fast computation computer (You could grab one from a server room, I know a guy) and program it so it will fire the carbon launcher just as the star starts to die. The connections between the launcher and the computer should be nice and tidy, so there should be no "frayed or fragmented" pieces. Make sure to double check your programming, or else this will create a large pile of useless hydrogen-carbon bonds, instead of a black hole.

Here is the trickiest part, you have to add some mirrors and detours and beam splitters all arranged so that the lasers approach the bead from all angles at almost exactly the same time, ideally to within a Planck Time (5.34*10^-44 seconds), but that is not realistic. To within a nanosecond might work, but you may have to accept trial and error.

The shorter the time differences between angles the less power. With near perfect Planck Time (5.34*10^-44 seconds), you will need about 1.2 Gigawatts and 1.2 gigajoules. With a nanosecond you will need about a billion times that or a lot of trial and error.

Step 7: Fire the Laser

Carefully fire the laser at the reaction bead. When done properly, it explodes, creating a temporary star. The computer should then fire the carbon launcher, taking all the hydrogen away from the star. This will overload the star, and tear a sizable hole in a tiny patch of space-time, creating your very own microblack hole.

Step 8: Optional, if you needed a wormhole.

No easy way to do this besides trial and error and some very tricky containment issues. Sometimes the blackhole will just come out at two mouths of a wormhole pair, trial and error. When this happens, you have two different ways to keep it from collapsing back into a black hole and probably evaporating like 250 kilograms of TNT (hence the concrete bunker stage). Method one is to as quick as possible, probably a billionth of a second, string a lot of lines of magnetic force between the wormhole mouths and hold it open. This amount of magnetic flux is usually only possible using explosives, so again the bunker requirement. The second one is to perform this in the deep energy well of two close orbiting jovian gas giants and let the massive gravity hold them apart, and a lot of trial and error; very wasteful.

The Wormhole Recipe, the old fashioned way

Ingredients:

 24000 Tons of Anti-Cobalt

 6000 Tons of Electrons, which requires about 11 Megatons of hydrogen which we strip the electrons from.

 11 Megatons of Proton, which is what we have left from the 11 megatons of hydrogen we took the electrons from.

 10,994,000 Tons of Hydrogen so the two wormholes mouths are the same approximate mass.

 706 Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulators.

 4000 Tons of Depleted Uranium.

Each module of the Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulator holds about 2 cubic meters of mass. So that is 17 Metric Tons of Anti-Cobalt per module.

Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulators are like dilithium, about 1/7^th of their interior are narrow channels which hold foreign matter using a combination of magnetic flux and casimir force.

I used anti-cobalt, because it is the highest density element that one can make antimatter out of. Not available in stores, or even online catalogs, I checked. If I used regular ol’ anti-hydrogen, I would need a lot more of the Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulators, and those Koshalians are difficult to work with and they’re pricy. Luckily, they have a great fondness for Chicken Feet and I know a guy. 90 Billion Chickens died for this experiment, honour their sacrifice for science.

Each module of the Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulators will be arranged on the outer surface of a sphere about 13.25 meters in diameter.

We need all of the matter and antimatter to react within a millionth of a second and we need the 353 module of the Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulators to all fire within that millionth of a second.

We need a 2000 ton sphere of depleted Uranium (duranium) located at the center of the sphere which the Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulators will all target. It is 6 meters in diameter, it is not hard to hit.

Flip the switch, 129 THOUSAND Gigatons TNT Equivalent of fires hotter than damnation itself follows. A fireball of 117 kilometers diameter lasting for 15 minutes will no doubt incinerate the Illudium Phosdex Q-36 Explosive Space Modulators to their constituent atoms and the shockwave will accelerate that ash to at least 350 kilometers before the dust starts to clear.

We will only get to try this once. Although we have to do it twice if we want to make a wormhole.

So we do it again, at least a moderate distance away most likely.

Then we strip the electrons from out 11 megatons of combustion grade hydrogen and send that into Black Hole A. These electrons will mass 6000 tons and will create a back blast of about 43 Gigatons TNT Equivalent because a third of the in fall mass will be converted to gamma rays and pions as it crosses the event horizon. Black Hole A is now 6000 Tons mass. We have about 5 hours to complete this, no pressure. 2.4 megatons TNT Equivalent Back Blast per second. This is real work. If we do nothing for 11 minutes, it will evaporate spectacularly with the force of about 15 Gigatons TNT Equivalent. It is why it is important to go potty before we begin.

Then we take the 11 megatons of protium (hydrogen with the electrons stripped away) and project that into Black Hole B. We will have to pump 500 Tons of Protium into it in the first 11 minutes. At that rate, it will take about 5.5 months.

This is beginning to sound like real work.

Because we want the two wormhole mouths to be about the same mass, we have to pump about 10,994,000 Tons of regular ol’ combustion grade hydrogen into Black Hole B.

The good news is that our two black holes are now stable for at least a year. We have however spent 5.5 months getting to this point, so no time to take a break. We have to pump about 44 tons per second into each black hole to maintain stability. So a constant maelstrom of 313 megatons TNT Equivalent per second. I think it’s directional, so I am sure we will figure out how to manage somehow. Definitely hazard pay for the union workers. Extra radiation shielding for everyone.

Now we have two massively charged black holes. Now we need to move them close enough so that the

normal point-like singularity of a black hole stretches and distorts, allowing it to form a bridge to the nearby oppositely charged black hole, which has the same thing.

But not too close or the opposite magnetic charge and the two merge, and we all likely die, but probably instantaneously. If you screw up, you will be dead before you realize that you messed up. Cheers for that.

Now the singularies have formed a bridge, and as we don’t know what happens when that happens, I hope you survived whatever that is. You still need to collect a fair quantity of exotic negative mass to stretch open the mouth so you can enter, or have enough magnetic flux comparable to the ultra massive amount you just pumped into the wormhole pair. We will have to talk about the Woodward Mach Effect and Cavorite another day. For today, we party.

But whatever, if you lived thru it this far, deploying more destructive power than the entirety of human civilization, celebrate, take selfies, spray champagne on your team mates, you created a wormhole pair. Woot.

The added good news is that because they are so charged up, they can be easily moved around. Or at least as easy as it is to haul 7.3 million tons of anything. By easy, I mean that you can use magnets.

This really makes prospecting for primordial black holes sound substantially easier.